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Crowd Behavior & Trading against the crowd strategy

Feb 17, 2021 07:00

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The concept of the market crowd has long been known by traders. For many, it is a symbol of inefficient and erroneous trading decisions.  And if you have ever found yourself thinking that you are part of a crowd, it is time to leave this abstract society. Trading from home makes one feel independent from everything around. But what kind of autonomy can there be if all traders read the same news and monitor the same quotes? Psychology is the most important segment of trading and foundation for success. Without well-established discipline and tolerance toward losses, each trader is prone to a much higher level of risk and therefore, losing money. As we know, humans are very impulsive and emotional beings. 

Being a Part of the Group

A crowd is a definable group of people who have a common purpose or set of emotions and share a common behavior. Despite their current similarities, each one of the individuals is prone to competing and conflicting emotions and such changes could cause others to follow up and shift the crowd’s behavior. The same event can be observed on the financial markets. One way to picture the financial markets is as a crowd of unorganized individuals whose goal is to predict the future mood of the crowd, or to estimate the balance between bulls and bears on the market, and position themselves.

Most of the books and learning centres advise new traders to always follow the trend and never fight the market in order to secure their lasting on the market. Although this is true in general, following the crowd behavior blindly can be as much devastating as going against the market unprepared, which would almost always result in a loss. By default, each inexperienced trader should always enter positions in the trend direction by following proper risk management strategies. Newbies main goal should be to minimize risks and avoid losing positions as much as possible in order to persist on the market and keep learning from first hand.

Why people like to act as others?

There are a couple of reasons why people are drawn to the overwhelming power of the crowd. The first one is probably the strongest feeling, which drives the financial markets, but also one of the hardest to overcome – greed. Greed has led many people to bankruptcy and it requires a lot of trading experience in order to establish such discipline that would overthrow it. Human behavior analysts have found that people experience greater fear of missing an opportunity for profits than the possibility of losing their life savings.

Many people also fear that by having a contrary opinion and doing something different, they could make a mistake and fail, whereas others could succeed. That concern of falling behind your friends, neighbors or competitors is what drives many to act as the mass, so that if they lose, others will lose as well and wont outstrip them.

Seeking leadership

Another powerful motivator behind crowd behavior is peoples tendency to look for and follow a leader, which is actually quite normal for all social creatures. Leadership can be found in a single person, a group of individuals or it could just be the balance of the crowds opinion, thinking that the majority should be right. People look for a leader to guide them especially through times of uncertainty. History however has shown that blindly following someone without conducting a proper unbiased assessment could lead to devastating results, especially when your money is at stake.

Many traders prefer a contrarian strategy, that is to go against the crowd and in effect to go against the trend. It can work equally well but often requires stronger conviction and a more robust money management system. Here are some things traders look for when trading against the crowd:

COT reports and open position data

One of the best ways to trade against the crowd is to look at the data itself. The Commitment of Traders (COT) report is provided weekly by the CFTC (the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission) and divulges how many contracts were bought and sold of a specific contract by commercial, non-commercial and private investors. When there are way more non-commercial traders holding trades than the historical average, it’s a clear-cut sign that the crowd is positioned on just one side. And this can indicate excellent reversal opportunities. Open position data from many forex broker’s are also a good source for seeing how traders are positioned in the currency markets.

Magazine covers & sentiment surveys

Sentiment surveys, the kind provided by Barrons and Investors Intelligence, are simple enough to evaluate. They provide reliable survey data of whether traders are bullish or bearish on certain markets which can be used to evaluate the crowd. Simply, if the majority of traders are bullish, say over 70%, then it could be time to go against the herd. Similarly, magazine covers have also been used as a contrarian indicator.

When a news story makes the front pages of a major magazine or newspaper, it signals that something big has happened, and this is usually a time to go against the crowd, since by the time the media pick up on a story much of the move will have taken place and all the information will be in the public realm.

For example, if TIME magazine decide to run a ‘shock’ story on the cover about the demise of the Japanese; it’s usually a signal to go long JPY.

Scan a chart

It is possible of course, to go against the crowd just by looking at a chart. Economic cycles typically take a while to play out but markets can over-react when too many traders move to one side of the trade. Sometimes the chart will show a situation where the price is becoming parabolic; in other words it is heading down, or up, in a near vertical fashion. Clearly, such moves are unsustainable and these are some of the best opportunities to go against the crowd in the forex markets.

Here lie the reasons for investors’ common emotional state, which makes for opening trades in the same direction. And what can you do when you do not have many skills but still have a desire to leave the unpleasant community straight away? Start with two specific rules.

Don’t make trading decisions at critical moments

The moments of abnormally high volatility are the most interesting situations in the market. This is when the asset determines the trend direction. Traders lose money due to the tottering movements. Most often, bursts of activity occur at the moment of news releases. It may be either economic calendar updates or the news that comes in unexpectedly. For example, the U.S. president spontaneously imposed sanctions on a country. This will result in a weakening of the currency of the state, which has got under pressure. A breakout through an important level also leads to increased volatility. Such benchmarks play a strategic role in the market.

Stock indices are most active during the first 5-10 minutes since the beginning of the trading session and during the same period before it closes. This pattern resulted from the specifics of trading these instruments. To keep calm and not to succumb to provocations of price spikes, avoid trading at critical moments. This does not imply that you should forget about trading.

Trade when the market is balanced

The price chart provides lots of useful information, but you can get even more of it when using such oscillators as RSI, Stochastic, and DeMarker. Each of them is divided into three zones: overbought, oversold, and the zone between them. Many traders focus on oscillators only when the signal lines are in the overbought or oversold zones. Indeed, the indicators often give the right signals. The only thing is that too many traders use this scheme.

Of course, such a method helps to earn money, but sometimes we receive just too many false signals. That is why it’s worth using these indicators to find the zone of the market balance to leave the crowd.

The RSI, Stochastic, and DeMarker will help you find the balance between the overbought and the oversold areas. Try to make trades at moments when other traders are not so active. Nothing huge, but few people see their independence in such things. Remember that trading in the new environment is a very useful experience. Put this advice into practice — and you will leave the market crowd.

Conclusion

As we know, humans are very impulsive and emotional beings. Some people say that we are also irrational, but in fact this is not the case. An interesting fact is that we actually tend to be very rational when thinking for ourselves, that is, when we are not blindly following someone. When a person knows everything depends solely on him, he/she would take time to consider all the possibilities and outcomes of his/her actions, at least in general. Things however look very different when we find ourselves in a group, or our doings become a part of the so-called crowd behavior.

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